| Customization: | Available |
|---|---|
| Grade Standard: | Industrial Grade |
| Appearance: | Liquid |
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Aniline is the simplest primary aromatic amine in which a hydrogen atom in the benzene molecule is substituted with an amino group, colorless oily flammable liquid with strong odor. The melting point is -6.3 ºC, the boiling point is 184 ºC, the relative density is 1.0217(20/4 ºC), the refractive index is 1.5863, the flash point (Open Cup) is 70 ºC, and the spontaneous ignition point is 770 ºC, heated to 370 ° C decomposition, slightly soluble in water, soluble in ethanol, ether, chloroform and other organic solvents. Brown when exposed to air or sunlight. Steam distillation can be used, and a small amount of zinc powder is added during distillation to prevent oxidation. 10 to 15ppm of NaBH4 can be added to the purified aniline to prevent oxidative deterioration.
aniline solution is alkaline, and acid is easy to form salt. The hydrogen atom on the amino group may be substituted with a hydrocarbon group or an acyl group to produce secondary or tertiary aniline and acyl aniline. When the substitution reaction is carried out, ortho-and para-substitution products are mainly generated. The reaction with nitrous acid produces a diazonium salt, from which a series of benzene derivatives and azo compounds can be prepared.
aniline is an important chemical raw material, the production of more important products up to 300 kinds, mainly used in MDI, dye industry, medicine, rubber vulcanization accelerator, such as sulfanilic acid in the dye industry, pharmaceutical industry of N-acetanilide. It is also a raw material for the manufacture of resins and coatings. In 2008the consumption of aniline was about 360,000 tons, and the demand is expected to be about 870,000 tons in 2012, The production capacity of commercial aniline reached 1.37 million tons, and the excess capacity was nearly 500,000 tons. Aniline on the blood and nerve toxicity is very strong, can be absorbed through the skin or respiratory tract caused by poisoning.
aniline is mainly produced by two methods in industry:
1. Nitrobenzene is prepared by catalytic hydrogenation of active copper. This method can be used for continuous production and has no pollution.
2, chlorobenzene and ammonia are obtained by reaction at high temperature in the presence of copper oxide catalyst
| Molecular Formula | C6H7N |
| Molar Mass | 93.13 |
| Density | 1.022 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) |
| Melting Point | -6 °C (lit.) |
| Boling Point | 184 °C (lit.) |
| Flash Point | 76 °C |
| Water Solubility | 36 g/L (20 ºC) |
| Solubility | water: soluble |
| Vapor Presure | 0.7 mm Hg ( 25 °C) |
| Vapor Density | 3.22 (185 °C, vs air) |
| Appearance | Liquid |
| Specific Gravity | 1.021 |
| Color | APHA: ≤250 |
| Odor | Sweet, amine-like odor detectable at 0.6 to 10 ppm |
| Exposure Limit | TLV-TWA skin 2 ppm (~8 mg/m3) (ACGIH),5 ppm (~19 mg/m3) (MSHA, OSHA, andNIOSH); IDLH 100 ppm (NIOSH). |
| Merck | 14,659 |
| BRN | 605631 |
| pKa | 4.63(at 25ºC) |
| PH | 8.8 (36g/l, H2O, 20ºC) |
| Storage Condition | 2-8°C |
| Stability | Stable. Incompatible with oxidizing agents, bases, acids, iron and iron salts, zinc, aluminium. Light sensitive. Combustible. |
| Explosive Limit | 1.2-11%(V) |
| Refractive Index | n20/D 1.586(lit.) |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Colorless oily flammable liquid with strong odor. Melting Point -6.3 ºC, boiling point 184 ºC,68.3 ºC(1.33kPa), relative density 1.0217(20/4 ºC), refractive index 1.5863, Flash Point (Open Cup) 70 ºC, spontaneous ignition point 770. In the open air or light will gradually turn brown. Can be volatilized with water vapor. Aniline can be miscible with ethanol, ether, chloroform and many other organic solvents. The solubility (weight percentage) of aniline in water is 3.7% at 30 °c, 4.2% at 50 °c, and 110 at 8.0% °c. There are alkaline, can be generated with hydrochloric acid hydrochloride, and sulfuric acid sulfate. |
| Use | Aniline is an important intermediate. The more important products produced by aniline were 300. There are about 80 aniline manufacturers in the world, with an annual total production capacity of more than 2.7 million t/a and an output of about 2.3 million t. The main consumption field is MDI, in 2000, its consumption accounted for about 84% of the total consumption of aniline. Aniline is mainly consumed in MDI, dye industry, rubber additives, pharmaceuticals, pesticides and organic intermediates. |
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